Basilides — The Gnostic Philosopher of Alexandria

⏱ 1 min read Updated Jun 5, 2026
Quick Answer

Basilides was a Gnostic teacher active in Alexandria c. 117–138 AD, under the emperors Hadrian and Antoninus Pius. He developed one of the earliest and most philosophically ambitious Gnostic systems — a cosmology of 365 heavens and an utterly unknowable God — which survives only in hostile summaries by Irenaeus and Hippolytus.

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Quick Facts

  • Taught in Alexandria in the early 2nd century AD
  • His cosmology: an unnameable God emanates 365 heavens; the lowest heaven's ruler is the God of the Jews
  • His son Isidore continued the school and wrote commentaries on Gnostic scripture
  • No authentic Basilidean texts survive — only descriptions by opponents

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